HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard markup language used to create web pages. It provides the structure and content of websites by using a system of tags and elements that tell web browsers how to display text, images, links, and other media.
CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used to style and layout web pages. It controls the appearance of HTML elements including colors, fonts, spacing, positioning, and responsive design. Modern CSS includes features like Flexbox, Grid, and CSS Variables for powerful layout control.
JavaScript is a programming language that adds interactivity to web pages. It can manipulate the DOM, handle user events, make asynchronous requests, and create dynamic user experiences. JavaScript runs in the browser and is essential for modern web development.
Responsive design ensures that web pages look good on all devices, from mobile phones to desktop computers. It uses flexible grids, flexible images, and media queries to adapt the layout and styling based on the screen size and device capabilities.