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HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the standard markup language used to create web pages. It provides the structure and content of websites by using a system of tags and elements.

Key features include:

  • Semantic markup for better accessibility
  • Support for multimedia elements
  • Forms for user interaction
  • Link management

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is used to style and layout web pages. It allows you to control colors, fonts, spacing, and positioning of HTML elements.

Common CSS concepts:

  • Selectors for targeting elements
  • Box model (margin, padding, border)
  • Flexbox and Grid layouts
  • Animations and transitions
  • Responsive design with media queries

JavaScript is a programming language that adds interactivity to web pages. It can manipulate HTML elements, handle user events, and communicate with servers.

JavaScript capabilities:

  • DOM manipulation
  • Event handling
  • Asynchronous operations with Promises
  • API calls and data fetching
  • Client-side validation and processing

Following best practices ensures that your web applications are efficient, maintainable, and user-friendly.

  • Write semantic and accessible HTML
  • Use CSS for styling, not tables
  • Optimize images and assets
  • Implement responsive design
  • Test across browsers and devices
  • Follow SEO guidelines
  • Keep code organized and commented