Expand/Collapse Widget Demo

What is JavaScript?

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JavaScript is a high-level, interpreted programming language that is one of the core technologies of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and CSS.

Key features include:

  • Dynamic typing and first-class functions
  • Prototype-based object-orientation
  • Event-driven programming model
  • Cross-platform compatibility

JavaScript enables interactive web pages and is an essential part of web applications.

CSS Flexbox Basics

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CSS Flexbox (Flexible Box Layout) is a one-dimensional layout method for arranging items in rows or columns.

Common flexbox properties:

  • display: flex - Creates a flex container
  • flex-direction - Defines the main axis direction
  • justify-content - Aligns items along the main axis
  • align-items - Aligns items along the cross axis
  • flex-wrap - Controls wrapping of flex items

Flexbox makes it easier to design flexible responsive layout structures without using float or positioning.

HTML5 Semantic Elements

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HTML5 introduced semantic elements that clearly describe their meaning to both the browser and the developer.

Important semantic elements:

  • <header> - Defines a header for a document or section
  • <nav> - Defines navigation links
  • <main> - Specifies the main content of a document
  • <article> - Defines independent, self-contained content
  • <section> - Defines a section in a document
  • <aside> - Defines content aside from the main content
  • <footer> - Defines a footer for a document or section

Using semantic elements improves accessibility and SEO for your web pages.

Responsive Web Design Principles

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Responsive web design is an approach to web design that makes web pages render well on a variety of devices and window or screen sizes.

Core principles:

  • Fluid Grids: Use relative units like percentages instead of fixed pixels
  • Flexible Images: Images should scale within their containing elements
  • Media Queries: Apply different styles for different screen sizes
  • Mobile-First Approach: Design for mobile devices first, then scale up
  • Viewport Meta Tag: Control how the page is displayed on mobile devices

Responsive design ensures your website looks great and functions properly across all devices, from smartphones to desktop computers.