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JavaScript Overview

JavaScript is a high-level, interpreted programming language that conforms to the ECMAScript specification. It is a language that is also characterized as dynamic, weakly typed, prototype-based and multi-paradigm.

JavaScript is one of the core technologies of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and CSS. It enables interactive web pages and is an essential part of web applications.

Modern Web Development Features

  • Responsive Design: Websites adapt to different screen sizes and devices
  • Progressive Web Apps: Web applications that work offline and feel native
  • Single Page Applications: Fast, dynamic web apps that update without page reloads
  • API Integration: Seamless connection with backend services and third-party APIs
  • Performance Optimization: Lazy loading, code splitting, and efficient rendering

Animation Methods in CSS

CSS provides several powerful ways to create animations:

  • Transitions: Smooth changes between property values over time
  • Keyframe Animations: Complex multi-step animations with @keyframes
  • Transform Properties: Rotate, scale, translate, and skew elements
  • Timing Functions: Control the acceleration curve of animations

These techniques can be combined to create engaging and performant user interfaces without JavaScript.

Making the Web Accessible

Web accessibility ensures that websites and applications are usable by everyone, including people with disabilities. Here are essential practices:

  • Semantic HTML: Use proper HTML elements for their intended purpose
  • Keyboard Navigation: Ensure all interactive elements are keyboard accessible
  • ARIA Labels: Provide additional context for screen readers when needed
  • Color Contrast: Maintain sufficient contrast ratios for text readability
  • Alt Text: Describe images for users who cannot see them
  • Focus Indicators: Make it clear which element currently has focus