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Web accessibility means that websites, tools, and technologies are designed and developed so that people with disabilities can use them. More specifically, people can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with the web.

Accessibility encompasses all disabilities that affect access to the web, including auditory, cognitive, neurological, physical, speech, and visual disabilities.

Accessibility is important for several reasons:

• It ensures equal access to information and functionality for all users.
• It is a legal requirement in many jurisdictions worldwide.
• It improves the overall user experience for everyone, not just people with disabilities.
• It can improve search engine optimization (SEO) and reach a wider audience.

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) are developed through the W3C process in cooperation with individuals and organizations around the world. The goal is to provide a single shared standard for web content accessibility that meets the needs of individuals, organizations, and governments internationally.

WCAG documents explain how to make web content more accessible to people with disabilities. The guidelines are organized under four principles: Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust (POUR).

There are many ways to test for accessibility:

• Automated tools: Use tools like axe, Lighthouse, or WAVE to catch common issues.
• Keyboard testing: Navigate your site using only a keyboard to ensure all interactive elements are reachable and operable.
• Screen reader testing: Test with screen readers such as NVDA, JAWS, or VoiceOver.
• Manual review: Check color contrast, text alternatives, heading structure, and form labels manually.
• User testing: Include people with disabilities in your user testing sessions for real-world feedback.