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Web accessibility means that websites, tools, and technologies are designed and developed so that people with disabilities can use them. More specifically, people can perceive, understand, navigate, and interact with the Web, and they can contribute to the Web.

Accessibility is essential for developers and organizations that want to create high-quality websites and web tools, and not exclude people from using their products and services. Key reasons include:

• It is a legal requirement in many jurisdictions.
• It improves the user experience for everyone.
• It expands your potential audience.
• It demonstrates social responsibility.

The Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) are a set of recommendations for making web content more accessible. They are organized around four principles, often referred to as POUR: Perceivable, Operable, Understandable, and Robust. WCAG 2.2 is the latest version and includes criteria across three conformance levels: A, AA, and AAA.

There are several approaches to testing for accessibility:

• Use automated tools like axe, Lighthouse, or WAVE.
• Test with keyboard-only navigation.
• Test with screen readers such as NVDA, JAWS, or VoiceOver.
• Conduct manual audits against WCAG criteria.
• Include people with disabilities in your user testing.