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Native Module Setup

This documentation is a work in progress and version-specific. Please check that the version of this document (top of page) matches the version of RN/RNW you're targeting. Examples (C# and C++/WinRT):

• Native Module Sample in microsoft/react-native-windows-samples
• Sample App in microsoft/react-native-windows/packages/microsoft-reactnative-sampleapps

This guide will help set you up with the Visual Studio infrastructure to author your own stand-alone native module for React Native Windows. In this document we'll be creating the scaffolding for a NativeModuleSample native module.

Development Environment

Make sure you have installed all of the development dependencies.

If you're planning on writing in C++, you'll need to download and install the C++/WinRT Visual Studio Extension.

New Project (optional)

If you already have an existing native module project for iOS/Android, you can skip straight to Manually Adding Windows Support.

Otherwise, if you're creating a new project from scratch, the quickest way is to follow the official React Native instructions at https://facebook.github.io/react-native/docs/native-modules-setup.

yarn global add create-react-native-module
create-react-native-module NativeModuleSample

Now you'll have a new native module project under react-native-my-library. Be sure to look at the command output for further steps you'll want to do before publishing the project.

Manually Adding Windows Support

The plan is to automate this process as part of a CLI new library project template, see issues 3201 and 3203. However we are also documenting the manual process here for developers who are unable to use the CLI.

Updating your package.json

In the directory for your native module project, you first need to update to react-native 0.60 and get the latest react-native-windows:

yarn add react-native@0.60 --dev
yarn add react-native-windows@vnext --peer

Now it's time to switch into Visual Studio and create a new project.

Creating the Visual Studio Project / Solution

Open Visual Studio and select Create a new project. You're going to create a new Windows Runtime Component project, which produce a library that is compatible with Windows UWP apps.

If you're planning on writing your native module in C#, you'll want to choose Windows Runtime Component (Universal Windows).

If you're planning on writing your native module in C++, you'll want to choose Windows Runtime Component (C++/WinRT). Important: You want C++/WinRT, not C++/CX. Do not choose Windows Runtime Component (C++/CX). If you don't see the C++/WinRT project type, make sure you installed the C++/WinRT Visual Studio Extension linked to above under Development Environment.

1. Set the Project Name to NativeModuleSample.
2. Set the Location to the native module directory you created earlier.
3. Set the Solution Name to NativeModuleSample.
4. Click Create.

Next you'll be prompted to select the versions of Windows you'll support. This should match the values for React Native Windows:

1. Set the Target version to Windows 10, version 1903 (10.0; Build 18362).
2. Set the Minimum version to Windows 10 Creators Update (10.0; Build 15063).

You should now have a new NativeModuleSample solution file at .\NativeModuleSample\NativeModuleSample.sln and a NativeModuleSample project at .\NativeModuleSample\NativeModuleSample\NativeModuleSample.csproj for C# or .\NativeModuleSample\NativeModuleSample\NativeModuleSample.vcxproj for C++.

For C++/WinRT project:

1. Right click on the project and choose Manage NuGet Packages...
   1. Select version 2.0.190730.2 for Microsoft.Windows.CppWinRT package.
2. Right-click on the project and choose Properties
   1. Under Linker > Windows Metadata set Generate Windows Metadata to Yes.

Now, we want to rename the root directory of the Windows native code to windows to match the peer android and ios directories:

1. Close the solution with File > Close Solution.
2. Rename that top NativeModuleSample directory windows.
3. Re-open the solution file at windows\NativeModuleSample.sln.

Now it's time to add React Native Windows into the solution.

Adding React Native Windows to the Visual Studio Solution

We're going to add several React Native Windows projects to your solution. So to avoid confusing them with your own code, we're first going to create a solution folder called ReactNative:

1. Open the Solution Explorer sidebar.
2. Right-click on Solution 'NativeModuleSample' at the top.
3. Select Add > New Solution Folder.
4. Name the folder ReactNative.

Now we're going to add all of the following React Native Windows projects to that ReactNative folder. All of these projects are located under the node_modules\react-native-windows directory in the root of your react-native-my-library project directory.

For more details about what these projects do, see Project Structure.

VS Project	Project File
Chakra	Chakra\Chakra.vcxitems
Common	Common\Common.vcxproj
Folly	Folly\Folly.vcxproj
JSI.Shared	JSI\Shared\JSI.Shared.vcxitems
JSI.Universal	JSI\Universal\JSI.Universal.vcxproj
Microsoft.ReactNative	Microsoft.ReactNative\Microsoft.ReactNative.vcxproj
Microsoft.ReactNative.Cxx	Microsoft.ReactNative.Cxx\Microsoft.ReactNative.Cxx.vcxitems
Microsoft.ReactNative.SharedManaged	Microsoft.ReactNative.SharedManaged\Microsoft.ReactNative.SharedManaged.shproj
Mso	Mso\Mso.vcxitems
ReactCommon	ReactCommon\ReactCommon.vcxproj
ReactWindowsCore	ReactWindowsCore\ReactWindowsCore.vcxproj
Shared	Shared\Shared.vcxitems

For each project, you'll do the following:

1. Open the Solution Explorer sidebar.
2. Right-click on the ReactNative folder.
3. Select Add > Existing Project....
4. Select the project file and click Open.

You now have all of the React Native Windows projects to your solution. Next we're going to reference them in our NativeModuleSample project.

Referencing React Native Windows in your Project

The only project reference you must add is Microsoft.ReactNative. To add the reference:

1. Open the Solution Explorer sidebar.
2. Right-click on your NativeModuleSample project.
3. Select Add > Reference.
4. Select Projects on the left-hand side.
5. Check the box next to Microsoft.ReactNative.
6. Click OK.

After you've added the reference, you need to make sure it doesn't copy itself into your build (otherwise it'll cause build conflicts down the line when you're trying on consume your library):

1. Open the Solution Explorer sidebar.
2. Under your NativeModuleSample project, expand the References.
3. Right-click on Microsoft.ReactNative.
4. Select Properties.
5. Under Build, Change Copy Local to False.

Now, you're technically ready to go, but in order to improve the developer experience, it's also highly recommended to also add a reference to the appropriate helper shared project. These projects contain the attributes (C#) and macros (C++) as described in the Native Modules and View Managers documents.

If you're writing in C#, you'll want to add Microsoft.ReactNative.SharedManaged:

1. Open the Solution Explorer sidebar.
2. Right-click on your NativeModuleSample project.
3. Select Add > Reference.
4. Select Shared Projects on the left-hand side.
5. Check the box next to Microsoft.ReactNative.SharedManaged.
6. Click OK.

If you're writing in C++, you'll want to add Microsoft.ReactNative.Cxx:

1. Open the Solution Explorer sidebar.
2. Right-click on your NativeModuleSample project.
3. Select Add > Reference.
4. Select Shared Projects on the left-hand side.
5. Check the box next to Microsoft.ReactNative.Cxx.
6. Click OK.

Testing your Build

To make sure that everything is working, you'll want to try building MyLibrary. First you'll want to make sure you've chosen a supported platform:

1. At the top, change the Solution Platform to x86, x64 or ARM.
2. In the Build menu, select Build Solution.

Next Steps

You have now created the scaffolding to build a native module or view manager. Now it's time to add the business logic to the module - follow the steps described in the Native Modules and View Managers documents.

Documenting Your Module

Once your module is complete, update react-native-community/directory so that its information on your native module is up to date. If you are building a native module which will be maintained by Microsoft, please update the Supported Community Modules documentation in [react-native-windows-samples] with your native module's information.