The following is the exact list of additions to JSON's syntax introduced by JSON5. All of these are optional, and all of these come from ES5.
Objects
Object keys can be unquoted if they're valid identifiers. Yes, even reserved keywords (like default) are valid unquoted keys in ES5 [§11.1.5, §7.6]. (More info)
(TODO: Unicode characters and escape sequences aren’t yet supported in this implementation.)
Objects can have trailing commas.
Arrays
Arrays can have trailing commas.
Strings
Strings can be single-quoted.
Strings can be split across multiple lines; just prefix each newline with a backslash. [ES5 §7.8.4]
Numbers
Numbers can be hexadecimal (base 16).
Numbers can begin or end with a (leading or trailing) decimal point.
Numbers can include Infinity, -Infinity, NaN, and -NaN.
Numbers can begin with an explicit plus sign.
Comments
Both inline (single-line) and block (multi-line) comments are allowed.
The following is the exact list of additions to JSON's syntax introduced by JSON5. All of these are optional, and all of these come from ES5.
Objects
Object keys can be unquoted if they're valid identifiers. Yes, even reserved keywords (like default) are valid unquoted keys in ES5 [§11.1.5, §7.6]. (More info)
(TODO: Unicode characters and escape sequences aren’t yet supported in this implementation.)
Objects can have trailing commas.
Arrays
Arrays can have trailing commas. Strings
Strings can be single-quoted.
Strings can be split across multiple lines; just prefix each newline with a backslash. [ES5 §7.8.4]
Numbers
Numbers can be hexadecimal (base 16).
Numbers can begin or end with a (leading or trailing) decimal point.
Numbers can include Infinity, -Infinity, NaN, and -NaN.
Numbers can begin with an explicit plus sign.
Comments
Both inline (single-line) and block (multi-line) comments are allowed.